Egusi Seed Substitute
Ground egusi seeds provide both flavor and body. No common substitute recreates them exactly, so use substitutes only when sourcing real egusi is impossible.
Closest practical options
Ground pumpkin seeds: usually the most useful home substitute because they provide richness and a seed-based texture. The flavor is different and often greener or nuttier.
Ground sunflower seeds: can provide body and fat, but taste more distinct and may make the finished soup feel less like egusi.
What not to do
Peanut butter is not a direct egusi substitute. It changes the flavor profile too aggressively and pushes the dish toward a different family of West African stews.
Best result
When possible, source real egusi seeds or ground egusi. The ingredient is central enough that substitution should be presented honestly as an adaptation.